Reasons And Requirements To Eliminate Oxygen From Natural Gas

Oxygen is one of the main constituents of the atmosphere. It is not only present in the environment, but also a part of natural gas streams. Natural gas has a good amount of oxygen in its natural state. Oxygen is present in the coal mines, oil recovery systems and landfill vacuum systems. A majority of pipeline specifications want natural gas to contain not more than ten parts per million of oxygen. Oxygen may get introduced in the process of gas dryers.

 

Why Is It Important To Eliminate Oxygen From Natural Gas

 

When oxygen is contained in a natural gas stream, it leads to numerous problems such as increased corrosion in pipelines, the degradation of process chemicals, increase in pipelines specs that in general require 10ppm of oxygen. Traditionally, such contaminated gas streams were abandoned. But now there are systems and services that treat the contaminated natural gas streams so that they can be used without any hassle and offer efficiency and profits.

 

What Are The Requirements For Eliminating Oxygen From Natural Gas Streams

 

As we already discussed above, the presence of oxygen in the natural gas streams is very dangerous because it can corrode the pipelines and other machinery which result in increased maintenance and replacement cost. Moreover, oxygen when reacts with hydrogen sulfide, it forms sulphur and also results in the oxidation of glycol-based solvents that leads to the formation of salts that damage the purge streams.

 

Below are the main requirements of oxygen removal :

 

Expert Supervision 

 

Oxygen removal from natural gas is a very difficult process. The problem is, there are neither enough technologies, nor the specialised services. This gets combined with the high cost of removal, the industry is yet to achieve the expertise in this subject.

 

British Thermal Unit (BTU) of Natural Gas

 

The rapidly increasing energy prices are compelling the industry to adopt the landfill gas recovery projects to actively produce BTU gas which is to be supplied via pipelines.  This is becoming an attractive scheme even without any tax breaks and subsidies. No process is available that can achieve a high BTU with 900 plus BTU of heating value.

 

Landfill Gas Recovery 

 

The cost and technical risk associated with landfill gas recovery are extremely high because of increased operational and maintenance costs of specialised equipment and machinery. However, the revenue generated by the energy recovery is very attractive and makes the process highly profitable. At this time, there are some companies that are providing catalyst-based systems along with a few other oxygen removal processes.

 

Molecular Gate

 

Engelhard Corporation has discovered a molecular gate process, also known as the sieve process where the sieve or molecular gate consists of small pores of the same size as that of gas molecules. This process sieves out the oxygen molecules and hence helps in purifying the natural gas. However, this is a relatively new technology that needs to be improved further. Not to mention, the cost of the molecular gate process is very high.

 

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Hydrogen Sulfide Removal from Biogas

Surfactant Chemicals

Degreaser Formulation

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Chemical Products Industries, Inc.
Address: 7649 SW 34th St, Oklahoma City, OK
Phone: (800) 624-4356

H2S Removal from Biogas – Process Explained

Various procedures are used to remove H2S from biogas including the use of Zero Valent Iron, red rock as well as bioreactors. All these processes are briefly described here under for your consideration.

Zero-Valent Iron

Zero-valent iron with 90% purity can be used to remove H2S from biogas and generate biomethane. Usually, biogas with the concentration of H2S up to 138, 139, and 211 PPM is introduced to the system of chemical removal of H2S from it. The results of these tests have shown that the concentration of H2S can be reduced to less than 50 PPM which can be accepted in the biogas used for running engines with internal combustion system. The removal of H2S in this process can depend upon the pH and the removal substances. While removing h2S with zero-valent iron or FeO, pH helps in the precipitation of sulfide and iron to form FeS.   At pH 6 the maximum efficiency to absorb H2S can be up to 95% which is much better than the absorbents used traditionally. This process can also reduce the risk of pollution in the environment and the cost of the process.

Red rock

According to various studies, Red Rock is also a potent material for the removal of H2S from biogas. The samples of various sizes of the particles of red rock were collected, separated, and organized to calcinate at different temperatures from 500 to 1,000 degrees C. Then various technologies including FE-SEM, BET, and energy depressive X-ray florescent technique are used for characterizing the rock particles for using them in different phases.

These calcinated particles of Red Rock are then filled in the bed of the reactor as an absorbent through which the biogas is passed. The concentration of H2S in the biogas is recorded before and after passing through this absorbent. The absorption efficiency of the particles of red rock depends upon their calcination temperature, size, the mass of absorbent, rate of flow of biogas. It can be as high as 95% with the sample of smallest particles of red rock calcinated at the temperature of 1,000degree C as it can remove 0.37 grams of H2S from 100 grams of biogas.

Thus the performance of red rock in removing H2S from biogas is also promising.

Bioreactors

The anoxic and aerobic bioreactors can also be used individually or collectively to remove H2S from biogas. They are recommended to be used for commercial applications after summarizing the performance of both the bioreactors.

The biological processes of both of these bioreactors have proved their effectiveness for cleaning biogas by removing H2S from it in clinical trials. However, one of the main drawbacks of this process is the clogging of the bed with the deposit of sulfur and the accumulation of biogas in these beds. Though in a clinical trial the capacity of eliminating H2S from biogas is very high but it is not recommended for industrial use due to clogging of the bed.

Thus you can any of these processes for removing H2S from biogas in your establishment as per your suitability.

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Surfactant Manufacturers
Mercaptan Removal
Hydrogen Sulfide Scavengers

Contact US:

Chemical Products Industries, Inc.
Address: 7649 SW 34th St, Oklahoma City, OK
Phone: (800) 624-4356

What Is The Process Of Hydrogen Sulfide Removal?

In order to purify the natural gas, you need to remove the corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide can be quite dangerous for the health of the people. It can cause headaches, tremors, nausea, skin and eye irritation and convulsions. If you inhale a huge amount of hydrogen sulfide gas, it can make unconscious and it can also result in death. Hence, it is important to know the process of hydrogen sulfide removal. The H2S or Hydrogen sulfide is present in the biogas which can be removed through different techniques. Read on to know more about the process and what you need to take care of.

Techniques of removing hydrogen sulfide

The huge amount of the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas can cause corrosiveness and odors. It is important to remove the hydrogen sulfide from it. There are some advanced and modern techniques that are used for the hydrogen sulfide removal. If you are wondering what these techniques are, then here are some of the efficient treatment methods for the removal of hydrogen sulfide:

  • NaOH scrubbing
  • Activated carbon
  • Iron sponge
  • Water scrubbing
  • Iron oxide pellets
  • Biological removal on the filter bed

These are some of the techniques that are for removing the hydrogen sulfide from the biogas. Different services opt for different techniques or processes for the removal of the H2S.

Choosing the right process

It is not possible to remove the hydrogen sulfide from the biogas. It requires extensive methods with an advanced process. For this, you have to choose a professional treatment system that can remove the hydrogen sulfide effectively. You need to ensure that the treatment system has to be economical and effective. It should not contain toxic fumes and harmful by-products. The pungent smell of this chemical can make it really irritating.

You need to make sure that you are choosing the right treatment service for the hydrogen sulfide removal. To ensure that everything is going in the right way, you have to hire someone with great potential and experience as well. You have to know and understand that the experts can help you in this. Before choosing any removal service, you need to read the reviews and feedbacks properly to know the best for you. If you need this for the industrial purpose, then you have to get it done in a wiser way. You can also ask for recommendations too.

Conclusion

When it is about chemicals, you have to be very careful for sue. You cannot take risk at any cost. Hence, it is important for you to choose the best process for the hydrogen sulfide removal. This can help you to get the best result too. Since there are more than one process to remove the hydrogen sulfide from the biogas, you have to be careful of what to choose. Different techniques come with different benefits and drawbacks. All these will help you to get the best benefits. You have to research thoroughly about each and every service to know which one will be the best for the removal of this harmful chemical, hydrogen sulfide.

Contact US:

Chemical Products Industries, Inc.
Address: 7649 SW 34th St, Oklahoma City, OK
Phone: (800) 624-4356